人類生理學/神經系統
神經系統概觀
编辑中樞神經系統的功能
编辑Structure and function of neurons
编辑結構
编辑功能
编辑Excitatory and inhibitory process
编辑Summation
编辑中樞神經系統qwdadqwdasdqwdsx（Central Nervous System）
编辑Generation & propagation of an action potential
编辑The Nerve Impulse
编辑Factors that affect sensitivity and speed
编辑腦
编辑延髓（Medulla）
编辑橋腦（Pons）
编辑大腦（Cerebrum）
编辑小腦（Cerebellum）
编辑邊緣系統（Limbic System）和更高的心智功能
编辑邊緣系統
编辑邊緣系統結構
编辑海馬
编辑杏仁核
编辑丘腦
编辑下視丘（Hypothalamus）
编辑穹窿（Fornix）和副海馬（Parahippocampal）
编辑扣帶皮層（Cingulate Gyrus）
编辑記憶與學習
编辑感覺記憶
编辑短期記憶
编辑長期記憶
编辑長期增強作用（LTP）
编辑前期
编辑後期
编辑退化
编辑語言和言語
编辑Diseases of the Limbic System
编辑精神分裂症（Schizophrenia）
编辑憂鬱症
编辑燥鬱症
编辑An Autism Link
编辑Case Study
编辑週邊神經系統（PNS）
编辑外側神經索（Lateral cord）
编辑後側神經索（Posterior cord）
编辑Medial cord
编辑Other thoracic spinal nerves (T3-T12)
编辑自律神經系統（ANS）
编辑The Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Systems
编辑Organization
编辑Information transmission
编辑Relationship to sympathetic
编辑Receptors
编辑神經組織
编辑Types of Neurons
编辑Structure of a neuron
编辑髓鞘（Myelin Sheath）
编辑案例研究
编辑憂鬱症治療
编辑藥物
编辑藥物濫用
编辑酒精
编辑安非他命
编辑大麻
编辑Review Questions
编辑詞彙表
编辑- 傳入訊息（Afferent Messages）
- 傳入身體的訊息，像是冷、熱、疼痛……等
- 自主系統（Autonomic System）
- deals with the visceral organs, like the heart, stomach, gland, and the intestines
- 軸突（Axon）
- the part of the neuron that conducts nerve impulses
- 大麻（Cannabis）
- a psychoactive drug produced from parts of the cannabis plant
- 中樞神經系統（Central Nervous System，CNS）
- the system that includes the brain and the spinal cord
- 小腦（Cerebellum）
- part of the brain that is located posterior to the medulla oblongata and pons, coordinates skeletal muscles to produce smooth, graceful motions
- 腦脊液（Cerebrospinal Fluid，CSF）
- acts a shock absorber for the central nervous system, protecting the brain and spinal cord from injury; it also has a high glucose content which serves as a nutritional factor
- 大腦（Cerebrum）
- motor control, learning, speech, somatic sensory functions, vision,hearing and more.
- 樹突（Dendrites）
- short pieces that come off of the cell body that receive the signals from sensory receptors and other neurons
- 情節記憶（Episodic Memory）
- represents our memory of events and experiences in a serial form
- 興奮性神經傳導物質（Excitatory Neurotransmitter）
- a neurotransmitter that acts to elicit an action potential by opening sodium ion channels
Longitudinal Sulcus: separates the cerebrum in to the right and left hemispheres
- 長期記憶（Long Term Memory）
- used for storage of information over a long time
Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) long term communication enhancement between two neurons. Results in neural pathways that store memoris.
- 髓質（Medulla）
- control center for respiratory, cardiovascular and digestive functions.
- 髓磷脂（Myelin）
- a fatty substance that surrounds and insulates the nerve fibers and facilitates the conduction of the nerve impulse transmissions
Multiple Sclerosis (MS): disease that affects the CNS by causing hardening and scaring of the myelin
- 蘭氏結（Nodes of Ranvier）
- unmyelinated gaps between sections of myelin
- 週邊神經系統（Peripheral Nervous System，PNS）
- a way of communication from the central nervous system to the rest of the body by nerve impulses that regulate the functions of the human body
- 橋腦（Pons）
- control centers for respiration and inhibitory functions.
Postganglionic Cells: have their cell bodies in the ganglia and send their axons to target organs or glands
Postsynaptic Cells the cell on the receiving (second) end of the synapse.
Presynaptic Cell The cell on the sending (first) end of the synapse.
Proprioception the sense that indicates whether the body is moving with required effort, as well as where various parts of the body are located in relation to each other.
Sensory Receptor: structure that can find any kind of change in it's surroundings or environment
- 軀體神經系統（Somatic Nervous System，SNS）
- the part of the peripheral nervous system associated with the voluntary control of body movements through the action of skeletal muscles, and also reception of external stimuli
- 突觸（Synapses）
- 兩神經之間的空隙。在人學習時，會長出新的突觸