人类生理学/遗传
< 人類生理學
简介 编辑
DNA 编辑
基因 编辑
遗传学 编辑
转录与转译 编辑
Inheritance 编辑
Mechanisms of inheritance 编辑
单因子遗传 编辑
多因子遗传 编辑
性联遗传 编辑
Exceptions to simple inheritance 编辑
Polygenic Traits 编辑
Intermediate Expressions 编辑
Co-dominance 编辑
Multiple-Allele Series 编辑
Modifying and Regulator Genes 编辑
Incomplete penetrates 编辑
遗传性基因疾病 编辑
血色素沉着症（hemochromatosis） 编辑
血色素沉着症的治疗 编辑
囊性纤维化（Cystic Fibrosis，CF） 编辑
囊性纤维化的治疗 编辑
镰刀型红血球贫血 编辑
镰刀型红血球贫血的治疗 编辑
血友病（Hemophilia） 编辑
血友病的治疗 编辑
非遗传性基因疾病 编辑
突变基因 编辑
基因工程 编辑
基因治疗 编辑
Genetic Regulation of Development and Homeostasis 编辑
词汇表 编辑
- 等位基因（Allele）
- one member of a pair of genes that occupy a specific position on a specific chromosome
- 体染色体（Autosome）
- chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
- 染色体（Chromosome）
- threadlike strand of DNA and associated proteins in the nucleus of cells that carries the genes and functions in the transmission of heredity information
- 囊性纤维化（Cystic Fibrosis）
- recessive genetic disorder affecting the mucus lining of the lungs, leading to breathing problems and other difficulties
- 胎儿酒精症候群（Fetal Alcohol Syndrome）
- combination of birth defects resulting form high (sometimes low) alcohol consumption by the mother during pregnancy
- 基因（Gene）
- is a segment of nucleic acid that contains the information necessary to produce a functional product, usually a protein.
- 遗传学（Genetics）
- is the science of genes, heredity, and the variation of organisms.
- 基因组（Genome）
- complete set of genetic information of an organism including DNA and RNA
- 基因型（Genotype）
- actual set of genes an organism has. It is the blue print of gentic material.
- 血色病（Hemochromatosis）
- metabolic disorder that causes increased absorption of iron, which is deposited in the body tissues and organs; the iron accumulates in the body where it may become toxic and causes damage
- 血红蛋白（Hemoglobin）
- component of red blood cells that carries oxygen
- 血友病（Hemophilia）
- group of heredity disorders in which affected individuals fail to make
enough of certain proteins needed to form blood clots
- 继承（Inheritance）
- characteristics given to a child by a parent
- 基因修改（Modifying Gene）
- alters how other genes are expressed in the phenotype
Multifactorial Inheritance: trait or disorder determined by multiple genes and/or environmental effects
- 表型（Phenotype）
- organisms physical appearance
- 多基因（Polygenic）
- trait whose expression is influenced by more than one gene
- 调节基因（Regulator Genes）
- initiate or block the expression of other genes.
- 性联（Sex-linked）
- pertaining to a trait of a disorder determined by the sex chromosome in a persons cells or by the genes carried on those chromosomes
- 镰状细胞性贫血（Sickle Cell Anemia）
- recessive disorder in which red blood cells take on an unusual shape, leading to other problems with the blood
- 合成（Synthesize）
- to make using biochemical processes
Unifactorial Inheritance: trait or disorder determined by a single pair of genes
- 合子（Zygote）
- cell formed by the union of male and female gametes. A Zygote is a cell that is the result of fertilization.