人類生理學/遺傳
< 人類生理學
簡介 编辑
DNA 编辑
基因 编辑
遺傳學 编辑
轉錄與轉譯 编辑
Inheritance 编辑
Mechanisms of inheritance 编辑
單因子遺傳 编辑
多因子遺傳 编辑
性聯遺傳 编辑
Exceptions to simple inheritance 编辑
Polygenic Traits 编辑
Intermediate Expressions 编辑
Co-dominance 编辑
Multiple-Allele Series 编辑
Modifying and Regulator Genes 编辑
Incomplete penetrates 编辑
遺傳性基因疾病 编辑
血色素沉著症（hemochromatosis） 编辑
血色素沉著症的治療 编辑
囊性纖維化（Cystic Fibrosis，CF） 编辑
囊性纖維化的治療 编辑
鐮刀型紅血球貧血 编辑
鐮刀型紅血球貧血的治療 编辑
血友病（Hemophilia） 编辑
血友病的治療 编辑
非遺傳性基因疾病 编辑
突變基因 编辑
基因工程 编辑
基因治療 编辑
Genetic Regulation of Development and Homeostasis 编辑
詞彙表 编辑
- 等位基因（Allele）
- one member of a pair of genes that occupy a specific position on a specific chromosome
- 體染色體（Autosome）
- chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
- 染色體（Chromosome）
- threadlike strand of DNA and associated proteins in the nucleus of cells that carries the genes and functions in the transmission of heredity information
- 囊性纖維化（Cystic Fibrosis）
- recessive genetic disorder affecting the mucus lining of the lungs, leading to breathing problems and other difficulties
- 胎兒酒精症候群（Fetal Alcohol Syndrome）
- combination of birth defects resulting form high (sometimes low) alcohol consumption by the mother during pregnancy
- 基因（Gene）
- is a segment of nucleic acid that contains the information necessary to produce a functional product, usually a protein.
- 遺傳學（Genetics）
- is the science of genes, heredity, and the variation of organisms.
- 基因組（Genome）
- complete set of genetic information of an organism including DNA and RNA
- 基因型（Genotype）
- actual set of genes an organism has. It is the blue print of gentic material.
- 血色病（Hemochromatosis）
- metabolic disorder that causes increased absorption of iron, which is deposited in the body tissues and organs; the iron accumulates in the body where it may become toxic and causes damage
- 血紅蛋白（Hemoglobin）
- component of red blood cells that carries oxygen
- 血友病（Hemophilia）
- group of heredity disorders in which affected individuals fail to make
enough of certain proteins needed to form blood clots
- 繼承（Inheritance）
- characteristics given to a child by a parent
- 基因修改（Modifying Gene）
- alters how other genes are expressed in the phenotype
Multifactorial Inheritance: trait or disorder determined by multiple genes and/or environmental effects
- 表型（Phenotype）
- organisms physical appearance
- 多基因（Polygenic）
- trait whose expression is influenced by more than one gene
- 調節基因（Regulator Genes）
- initiate or block the expression of other genes.
- 性聯（Sex-linked）
- pertaining to a trait of a disorder determined by the sex chromosome in a persons cells or by the genes carried on those chromosomes
- 鐮狀細胞性貧血（Sickle Cell Anemia）
- recessive disorder in which red blood cells take on an unusual shape, leading to other problems with the blood
- 合成（Synthesize）
- to make using biochemical processes
Unifactorial Inheritance: trait or disorder determined by a single pair of genes
- 合子（Zygote）
- cell formed by the union of male and female gametes. A Zygote is a cell that is the result of fertilization.