LibreOffice 3.4入門/Writer入門

Writer是什麼？

Writer是LibreOffice的文字處理組件。除了通常文字處理軟體具有的功能（拼寫檢查，字典，連字號，自動糾錯，查找與替換，自動行生成文章目錄及索引，郵件合併等等），Writer還提供其他重要的功能：

• 樣式和模板（查看第3章使用樣式和模板）
• 頁面布局方法，包括框架，分欄和表格
• 嵌入或連結圖形，電子表格或者其他對象
• 內置繪圖工具
• 匯總文檔——收集多個文檔合併成單一文檔
• 版本修訂跟蹤
• 資料庫集成，包含參考書目資料庫
• 導出成PDF格式，包括書籤（查看第十章：列印，導出和電子郵件）
• 許多其他功能

這些功能會在「LibreOffice Writer 3.4指南」中詳細說明。

Writer的界面

Writer主工作空間如圖63所示。菜單和工具欄如第一章LibreOffice簡介描述的那樣。

Writer用戶界面一些其他特性將在本章涉及。

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 63: The main Writer workspace in Print Layout view]]

狀態欄

Writer狀態欄提供了文檔信息和快速更改文檔特性的便捷方式。

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 64: Left end of status bar]]

頁數

顯示當前頁號，當前頁的序號（如果和頁號不同），和文檔頁面總數。例如，從第三頁開始重新編號，則這一頁的頁號為1。

說明	一般情況下，文檔的頁號和頁的順序號是相同的，都是從第一頁編號為1。但有時前幾頁會有封面、前言、目錄等頁面，而頁號從正文內容的第一頁開始編號為1，因此頁號會不同於頁的順序號。

如果定義了書籤，右擊此區域將彈出書籤列表；單擊需要查看的書籤以跳轉。

要跳轉到文檔中特定的頁面，雙擊此區域。導航會打開。單擊頁號區域輸入頁面序號。稍後顯示跳轉到所選頁面。

頁面樣式

顯示當前頁的樣式。要更改頁面樣式，右擊此區域。頁面樣式列表會彈出，可以從中選擇不同的樣式。

要編輯當前頁面樣式，雙擊此區域。頁面樣式對話框打開。

語言

顯示選中文本的語言。

單擊打開菜單，為選中文本或光標所在段落選擇另一種語言。你可以選擇無(不拼寫檢查)，從拼寫檢查中排除一部分文本；或者選擇更多...，打開字符對話框。

插入模式

單擊切換插入和覆蓋輸入模式。

選擇模式

單擊切換標準選擇，擴展選擇，追加選擇，塊選選擇模式。擴展選擇也可以用快捷鍵Shift+click選擇文本。參見 「處理文本」獲取追加選擇和塊選的更多信息。

未保存更改

如果文檔的更改還沒有被保存，[[Image:]]圖標就會替換默認圖標，提示您是否要保存。

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 65: Right end of status bar]]

數字簽名

如果文檔已經被數字簽名，這裡會顯示一個圖標。你可以雙擊圖標查看證書。

區域或對象信息

當光標位於節，標題，列表項，或者當一個對象(比如圖片或表格)被選中，對象的信息就會出現在這個區域。雙擊此區域打開相關對話框。更多信息，請參閱幫助或LibreOffice Writer 3.4指南。

視圖布局

單擊圖標切換單頁，雙頁，並排顯示，和圖書布局視圖。顯示效果和窗口寬度及縮放比例有關。您可以在任何視圖中編輯文檔。

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 66: View layouts: single, side-by-side, book.]]

縮放

要改變視圖縮放比率，請拖動縮放滑塊，或者單擊+和-符號。或者右擊縮放等級百分比，從彈出的縮放比率列表中選擇。縮放與視圖模式相互作用，決定窗口中有多少頁。

[[Image:]]

更改文檔視圖

Writer有多種方式查看文檔：列印版式，Web版式，全屏模式。要訪問這些及其他的選項，打開視圖菜單，單擊需要的視圖模式。（全屏顯示時，按下Esc鍵返回列印版式或Web版式。）

提示	Writer默認的視圖即為列印版式，文檔按照固定大小的頁面被分隔。Web版式則如同網頁一樣，隨窗口變化，沒有固定的頁寬，亦不分頁。

處於列印版式時，狀態欄上的縮放滑塊和視圖布局按鈕都可使用。而在Web版式中，只有縮放滑塊可用。

您也可以選擇視圖 > 縮放來顯示縮放和視圖布局對話框，在這裡可以設置和狀態欄一樣的選項。在Web版式中，大多數選項將不可用。

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 67: Choosing Zoom and View Layout options.]]

在文檔中快速移動

除了前面提到的狀態欄導航功能，您還可以使用第一章LibreOffice簡介中提到的主導航窗口和導航工具欄。

在Writer中，您也可以單擊窗口右下角滾動條之下的圖標，以顯示導航工具欄，如圖68。

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 68: Navigation icons]]

如圖69，導航工具欄顯示了導航中所有對象類型的圖標，包括一些額外的（例如，「查找」命令的結果）。

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 69: Navigation toolbar]]

單擊圖標，選擇對象類型。現在所有前一個和下一個圖標，（導航裡面的，導航工具欄上的，和滾動條上的）將跳轉到選定對象類型的上一個或下一個對象。這在尋找類似索引的項時非常有幫助，因為它們在文本中很難被發現。圖標的名字（顯示於工具提示中），會隨著所選類別而相應變化；例如「下一個圖形」，「下一個書籤」，「向前繼續搜索」。

提示	工具提示（Tooltips）是當滑鼠指針停在工具欄圖標上時，出現的小文本框，包含此工具的名稱和簡短功能介紹。

更多Writer的導航用法，參見LibreOffice Writer 3.4指南。

Writer如何處理文檔

第1章「LibreOffice簡介」已經詳盡介紹創建新文檔、打開已有文檔、保存文檔及如何對文檔加密等操作。第3章「使用樣式和模板」闡述了如何從模板中建立文檔。

另存為Microsoft Word文件

若您要與Microsoft Word用戶交換文檔，而MS Word用戶們常常不願接收或者無法查看「.odt」文件，這時您就要把文件另存為Microsoft Word文件，具體步驟如下：

第一步：重要——首先把您的文件用.odt格式保存。若您不這樣做的話，那麼從您最後一次保存文檔開始，所有的對文件的修改只會以Microsoft Word格式保存。

第二步：然後從菜單欄上選擇「文件 > 另存為」。在另存為對話框，「文件類型」（或「另存為類型」）下拉菜單中選擇Microsoft Word文件類型，並點擊「保存」。

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 70. Saving a file in Microsoft Word format]]

從此刻開始，您所作出的所有更改將僅應用於新文檔。您已經更改了文檔的文件名（擴展名）和文件類型。如果您想回到ODT格式版本，必須再次打開它。

提示	要讓Writer默認以Microsoft Word文件格式保存，在工具欄工具 > 選項 > 裝入/保存 > 一般中設置。在「默認文件格式和ODF設置」一節，「文檔類型」下面的方框，選擇「文本文檔」，然後在「自動保存為」下面的方框中選擇您想要的文件格式。

處理文本

在Writer中處理文本與其它程序相似。LibreOffice也提供了一些便利的方式選擇非連續對象，垂直文本塊，粘貼未格式化文本。

選擇不連續項

如圖71，要使用滑鼠選擇不連續項：

1. 選擇地一個文本片段
2. 按下 Ctrl 鍵不放，使用滑鼠選擇下一個文本片段
3. 按需求重複第二步

現在你就可以處理選中的文本了——複製，刪除，更改樣式，或其他任何操作。

說明	Mac用戶：請用 Command 鍵替代本章節乃至全讀本中的 Ctrl 鍵。

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 71: Selecting items that are not next to each other]]

要使用鍵盤選擇不連續項：

1. Select the first piece of text. (For more information about keyboard selection of text, see the topic 「Navigating and selecting with the keyboard」 in the Help.)
2. Press Shift+F8. This puts Writer in 「Add」 mode. The word ADD appears on the status bar, replacing STD.
3. Use the arrow keys to move to the start of the next piece of text to be selected. Hold down the Shift key and select the next piece of text.
4. Repeat as often as needed.

現在你可以處理選中的文本了。

按下 Esc 鍵退出此模式。

選擇垂直文本塊

您可以使用LibreOffice塊選模式，選擇由空格和Tab分割的垂直塊或列，比如從電子郵件、程序列表或其他來源粘貼的文本。要切換到塊選模式，請使用編輯 > 選擇模式 > 塊選，或按下Ctrl+F8，或者單擊狀態欄的選擇狀態幾秒鐘，直到變為塊選。

[[Image:]]

現在高亮顯示選擇，使用滑鼠或鍵盤，如下圖所示：

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 72: Selecting a vertical block of text]]

剪切，複製和粘貼文本

在Writer中剪切和複製文本與其他軟體類似。您可以使用滑鼠或者鍵盤完成這些操作。您可以在一個文檔或者多個文檔中複製或移動文本，可以通過滑鼠拖動，右鍵菜單，菜單欄，按鈕圖標，或鍵盤快捷鍵。您也可以從其他來源，如網頁、郵件，複製粘貼到Writer文檔中。

要使用滑鼠移動（剪切粘貼）選中文本，拖拽它到一個新位置並鬆開滑鼠。要複製（複製粘貼）選中文本，在拖動時按下 Ctrl 鍵不放。文本會保留原有的格式。

當你粘貼文本，結果取決於文本的源和粘貼的方式。如果你單擊粘貼圖標，文本的所有格式（如加粗、斜體）都會保留。從網站粘貼的文本或其他來源的文本可能會帶有框架或表格。如果您不希望這樣的結果，單擊取消圖標或按下 Ctrl+Z。

要使粘貼文本呈現粘貼位置周圍文本的格式：

• 選擇 編輯 > 選擇性粘貼，或
• 單擊點擊粘貼按鈕右側的三角形，或
• 在 粘貼 圖標上按下滑鼠左鍵不放

然後從菜單中選擇 未格式化文本。

選擇性粘貼的選項順序取決於來源和要粘貼的文本(或其他對象)的格式。圖73是一個剪切板中文本的例子。

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 73: Paste Special menu]]

查找和替換文本與格式

Writer有兩種方式在文檔中查找文本：可快速搜索的查找工具欄，和查找與替換對話框。在此對話框中，你可以：

• 查找和替換字和詞
• 使用通配符和正則表達式微調搜索
• 查找和替換特定格式
• 查找和替換段落樣式

使用查找工具欄

如果查找工具欄不可見，你可以在菜單欄中選擇 視圖 > 工具欄 > 查找 顯示它，或者按下 Ctrl+F 。查找工具欄停靠在LibreOffice窗口的底部（在狀態欄上面），如圖74。你可以讓它浮動或者停靠其他位置。更多浮動和停靠工具欄的信息，請查看第一章LibreOffice簡介。

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 74: Docked position of Find toolbar]]

要使用查找工具欄，在方框中輸入你要搜索的文本，按下回車鍵查找下一個。按需要單擊查找上一個和查找下一個按鈕。

使用「查找和替換」對話框

要顯示「查找和替換」對話框（圖75），使用鍵盤快捷鍵 Ctrl+Alt+F 或從菜單欄選擇編輯 > 查找和替換。也可以在查找工具欄單擊更多選項彈出對話框，按鈕會變為更少選項。

要使用「查找和替換」對話框：

1. 在搜索框中輸入要查找的文本。
2. 要用不同的文本替代，在替換為框中輸入新文本。
3. 您可以選擇多個選項，如匹配大小寫，匹配整個詞，或查找近義詞。
4. 當您設置好搜索之後，點擊查找。要替換查找到的文本，請點擊替換。

查找和替換的更多信息，見LibreOffice Writer 3.4指南。

提示	若點擊查找全部，LibreOffice會選擇文檔中所有搜索文本的實例。類似地，若點擊替換全部，LibreOffice會替換文檔中所有符合的內容。

警告	使用全部替換時請注意，否則，你可能遇到一些令人哭笑不得的錯誤，那可能會非常麻煩。全部替換所造成的錯誤可能需要手動地逐個搜索修正。

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 75: Expanded Find & Replace dialog]]

插入特殊字符

所謂特殊字符是在標準英語鍵盤上找不到的那些。例如，© ¾ æ ç ñ ö ø ¢，都是特殊字符。要插入特殊字符：

1. 將光標放置在需要插入字符的地方。
2. 選擇 插入 > 特殊字符 打開特殊字符對話框。
3. 按順序選擇您想插入的字符(從任何字體或者混合字體)，然後點擊 確定。已選的字符們會出現在對話框的左下角。而當前所選的那個字符，會在右側顯示預覽，並伴有Unicode編碼。

說明	不同的自體包含不同的特殊字符。如果您沒有發現特定的特殊字符，嘗試更換自體。

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 76: The Special Characters dialog, where you can insert special characters]]

插入破折號，不間斷空格和連字符

要避免兩個英文單詞在行尾被分開，在輸入兩個單詞之間空格時按下 Ctrl+Shift。

若您不想讓連字符出現在行尾時中斷，例如數字123‑4567，可以按下 Shift+Ctrl+minus sign 插入不中斷的連字符。

要輸入連字符和破折號，您可以使用工具 > 自動更正選項下方的選項標籤頁中的 替換破折號 選項。此選項在一定條件下用破折號替換兩個連字符。

–是連字符(en)，這就是說，長度和字母「n」相同的連字符。輸入者少一個字符，空格，一個或兩個連字符，另一個空格，至少一個字母，然後是空格。一個或兩個連字符會被en連字符替代。

—是破折號(em)，這就是說，長度和字母「m」相同的破折號。輸入至少一個字符，兩個連字符，至少一個字符，然後是空格。兩個連字符會被em破折號替換。

查閱LibreOffice幫助獲取更多信息。更多插入破折號的方法，請參見LibreOffice Writer 3.4指南。

設置制表位和縮進

水平標尺會顯示默認制表位和自定義制表位寬度。制表位設置影響整個段落的縮進（使用格式工具欄上的「增加縮進」和「減少縮進」圖標），也可以影響段落的一部分（使用鍵盤上的 Tab 鍵）。

如果您與其他人分享文檔，使用默認制表位寬度可能會導致格式問題。如果您的默認制表位寬度與其他人不同，當文檔分享給他們之後，會以他們的設置重新顯示，導致格式顯示的差異。要替換默認設置，您需要按如下所述定義自己的縮進設置。

要定義選中段落的縮進和制表位設置，雙擊標尺的除左右縮進圖標之間的部分打開縮進與空格對話框。雙擊標尺左右縮進圖標之間的任意部分打開制表位對話框。

更好的策略是定義段落樣式的縮進。查看LibreOffice Writer 3.4指南的第六、七章獲取更多信息。

提示	不建議您使用縮進分割內容。使用表格可能是更好的選擇，當然，這取決於您想達到的目的。

更改默認制表位間隔

提示	默認制表位設置的更改會影響你所打開的任何文檔的默認制表位，包括之後輸入的制表位。

要設置默認制表位間隔的度量單位和空間，打開菜單工具 > 選項 > LibreOffice Writer > 一般。

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 77: Selecting a default tab stop interval]]

你也可以設置或改變標尺的度量單位，只要右擊標尺打開度量單位列表選擇即可。選擇的設置僅僅應用於當前文檔的標尺。

[[Image:|thumb| Figure 78: Changing the measurement unit for a ruler]]

檢查拼寫和語法

Writer提供了拼寫檢查，可以以兩種方式使用：

[[Image:]]	自動拼寫檢查 在每一個單詞輸入時對其檢查拼寫並顯示紅色波浪線標記錯誤單詞。當單詞正確時，紅線會消失。
[[Image:]]	要在文檔中（或選中文本中）執行單獨的拼寫檢查，點擊 拼寫和語法 按鈕。Writer將檢查文檔或選中文本，如果有錯誤會打開「拼寫和語法」對話框。

拼寫檢查的更多特性：

• 您可以右擊一個帶有波浪線標記的詞打開右鍵菜單。如果您從菜單的建議單詞中選擇，選擇的單詞會替換現在的單詞。其他菜單選項如下所述。
• 您可以在「拼寫和語法」對話框更改字典語言(比如，西班牙語，法語，德語，中文)。
• 您可以添加單詞到字典。在「拼寫和語法」對話框點擊 添加 並選擇要添加到的字典。
• 在「拼寫和語法」對話框點擊 選項 按鈕打開一個對話框，類似於第二章描述的 工具 > 選項 > 語言設置 > 寫作助手。There you can choose whether to check uppercase words and words with numbers, and you can manage custom dictionaries, that is, add or delete dictionaries and add or delete words in a dictionary.
• On the Font tab of the Paragraph Styles dialog, you can set paragraphs to be checked in a specific language (different from the rest of the document). See Chapter 7, Working with Styles, in the Writer Guide for more information.

Writer does not include a grammar checker, but you can install an extension such as Language Tool (from http://www.languagetool.org/) and access it from Tools > Spelling and Grammar. (See Chapter 14 for more about installing extensions.)

• Language Tool adds a new menu item and submenu to the Tools menu, from which you can configure the tool and check or recheck the document.

使用內建語言工具

Writer provides some tools that make your work easier if you mix multiple languages within the same document or if you write documents in various languages.

The main advantage of changing the language for a text selection is that you can then use the correct dictionaries to check spelling and apply the localized versions of Autocorrect replacement tables, thesaurus, and hyphenation rules.

You can also set the language for a paragraph or a group of characters as None (Do not check spelling). This option is especially useful when you insert text such as web addresses or programming language snippets that you do not want to check for spelling.

Specifying the language in character and paragraph styles is the preferred method, because styles allow a greater level of control and make changing the language much faster. On the Font tab of the Paragraph Styles dialog, you can specify that certain paragraphs be checked in a language that is different from the language of the rest of the document. See Chapter 7, Working with Styles, in the Writer Guide for information on how to manage the language settings of a style.

You can also set the language for the whole document, for individual paragraphs, or even for individual words and characters, from Tools > Language on the menu bar.

Another way to change the language of a whole document is to use Tools > Options > Language Settings > Languages. In the Default languages for documents section, you can choose a different language for all the text that is not explicitly marked as a different language.

The spelling checker works only for those languages in the list that have the symbol [[Image:]] next to them. If you do not see the symbol next to your preferred language, you can install the additional dictionary using Tools > Languages > More dictionaries online.

The language used for checking spelling is also shown in the status bar, next to the page style in use.

使用自動更正

Writer’s AutoCorrect function has a long list of common misspellings and typing errors, which it corrects automatically. For example, 「hte」 will be changed to 「the」.

AutoCorrect is turned on when Writer is installed. To turn it off, uncheck Format > AutoCorrect > While Typing.

Choose Tools > AutoCorrect Options to open the AutoCorrect dialog. There you can define which strings of text are corrected and how. In most cases, the defaults are fine.

To stop Writer replacing a specific spelling, go to the Replace tab, highlight the word pair, and click Delete.

To add a new spelling to the list, type it into the Replace and With boxes on the Replace tab, and click New.

See the different tabs of the dialog for the wide variety of other options available to fine-tune AutoCorrect.

提示	AutoCorrect can be used as a quick way to insert special characters. For example, (c) will be autocorrected to ©. You can add your own special characters.

使用單詞補全

If Word Completion is enabled, Writer tries to guess which word you are typing and offers to complete the word for you. To accept the suggestion, press Enter. Otherwise, continue typing.

To turn off Word Completion, select Tools > AutoCorrect Options > Word Completion and deselect Enable word completion.

You can customize word completion from the Word Completion page of the AutoCorrect dialog:

• Add (append) a space automatically after an accepted word

• Show the suggested word as a tip (hovering over the word) rather than completing the text as you type
• Collect words when working on a document, and then either save them for later use in other documents or select the option to remove them from the list when closing the document.
• Change the maximum number of words remembered for word completion and the length of the smallest words to be remembered
• Delete specific entries from the word completion list
• Change the key that accepts a suggested entry—the options are Right arrow, End key, Return (Enter), and Space bar

說明	Automatic word completion only occurs after you type a word for the second time in a document.

使用自動圖文集

Use AutoText to store text, tables, graphics and other items for reuse and assign them to a key combination for easy retrieval. For example, rather than typing 「Senior Management」 every time you use that phrase, you can set up an AutoText entry to insert those words when you type 「sm」 and press F3.

AutoText is especially powerful when assigned to fields. See Chapter 14, Working with Fields, in the Writer Guide for more information.

創建自動圖文集

To store some text as AutoText:

1. Type the text into your document.
2. Select the text.
3. Choose Edit > AutoText (or press Ctrl+F3).
4. In the AutoText dialog box, type a name for the AutoText in the Name box. Writer will suggest a one-letter shortcut, which you can change.
5. In the large box to the left, choose the category for the AutoText entry, for example My AutoText.
6. Click the AutoText button on the right and select New (text only) from the menu.
7. Click Close to return to your document.

提示	If the only option under the AutoText button is Import, either you have not entered a name for your AutoText or there is no text selected in the document.

插入自動圖文集

輸入捷徑並按下 F3 以插入自動圖文集。

文本格式

推薦使用樣式

樣式是使用Writer的核心。您可以使用樣式輕鬆地將文檔格式化一致，並輕易更改。樣式是一組格式設置選項的名稱。當您使用一種樣式，您將同時應用整組格式。此外，樣式用於LibreOffice的很多處理，即使您未曾察覺。例如，Writer編輯目錄時依賴標題樣式（或其他制定樣式）。
Styles are central to using Writer. Styles enable you to easily format your document consistently, and to change the format with minimal effort. A style is a named set of formatting options. When you apply a style, you apply a whole group of formats at the same time. In addition, styles are used by LibreOffice for many processes, even if you are not aware of them. For example, Writer relies on heading styles (or other styles you specify) when it compiles a table of contents.

Caution

Manual formatting (also called direct formatting) overrides styles, and you cannot get rid of the manual formatting by applying a style to it. To remove manual formatting, select the text, right-click, and choose Clear Direct Formatting from the pop-up menu.

Writer defines several types of styles, for different types of elements: characters, paragraphs, pages, frames, and lists. See Chapter 3, Using Styles and Templates, in this book and Chapters 6 and 7 in the Writer Guide.

段落格式

您可以利用格式工具欄上的按鈕應用多種段落格式。圖79為浮動格式工具欄，自定義顯示段落格式圖標。圖標外觀隨作業系統和圖標大小及風格的選擇改變，可以在 工具 > 選項 > LibreOffice > 視圖中修改。
You can apply many formats to paragraphs using the buttons on the Formatting toolbar. Figure 79 shows the Formatting toolbar as a floating toolbar, customized to show only the icons for paragraph formatting. The appearance of the icons may vary with your operating system and the selection of icon size and style in Tools > Options > LibreOffice > View.

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 79: Formatting toolbar, showing icons for paragraph formatting]]

• 1 打開樣式和格式窗口
• 2 應用樣式
• 3 左對齊
• 4 居中
• 5 右對齊
• 6 兩端對齊
• 7 行間距: 1
• 8 行間距: 1.5
• 9 行間距: 2
• 10 編號 開/關
• 11 項目 開/關
• 12 減少縮進
• 13 增加縮進
• 14 段落格式對話窗口

字體格式

You can apply many formats to characters using the buttons on the Formatting toolbar. Figure 80 shows the Formatting toolbar, customized to include only the icon for character formatting.

The appearance of the icons may vary with your operating system and the selection of icon size and style in Tools > Options > LibreOffice > View.

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 80: Formatting toolbar, showing icons for character formatting]]

Tip	To remove manual formatting, select the text and choose Format > Default Formatting, or right-click and choose Default Formatting.

自動套用格式

You can set Writer to automatically format parts of a document according to the choices made on the Options page of the AutoCorrect dialog (Tools > AutoCorrect Options).

Tip	If you notice unexpected formatting changes occurring in your document, this is the first place to look for the cause.

The Help describes each of these choices and how to activate the autoformats. Some common unwanted or unexpected formatting changes include:

• Horizontal lines. If you type three or more hyphens (---), underscores (___) or equal signs (===) on a line and then press Enter, the paragraph is replaced by a horizontal line as wide as the page. The line is actually the lower border of the preceding paragraph.
• Bulleted and numbered lists. A bulleted list is created when you type a hyphen (-), star (*), or plus sign (+), followed by a space or tab at the beginning of a paragraph. A numbered list is created when you type a number followed by a period (.), followed by a space or tab at the beginning of a paragraph. Automatic numbering is only applied to paragraphs formatted with the Default, Text body or Text body indent paragraph styles.

To turn autoformatting on or off, choose Format > AutoCorrect and select or deselect the items on the list.

創建編號或項目符號列表

There are several ways to create numbered or bulleted lists:

• Use autoformatting, as described above.
• Use list (numbering) styles, as described in Chapter 6, Introduction to Styles, and Chapter 7, Working with Styles, in the Writer Guide.
• Use the Numbering and Bullets icons on the paragraph formatting toolbar (see Figure 79): select the paragraphs in the list, and then click the appropriate icon on the toolbar.

Note	It is a matter of personal preference whether you type your information first, then apply Numbering/Bullets, or apply them as you type.

使用項目符合和編號工具欄

You can create nested lists (where one or more list items has a sub-list under it, as in an outline) by using the buttons on the Bullets and Numbering toolbar (Figure 81). You can move items up or down the list, or create sub-points, and even change the style of bullets. Use View > Toolbars > Bullets and Numbering to see the toolbar.

The appearance of the icons may vary with your operating system and the selection of icon size and style in Tools > Options > LibreOffice > View.

Note	If numbering or bullets are being applied automatically in a way that you find inappropriate, you can switch them off temporarily by unchecking Format > AutoCorrect > While Typing.

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 81: Bullets and Numbering toolbar]]

Hyphenating words

You have several choices regarding hyphenation: let Writer do it automatically (using its hyphenation dictionaries), insert conditional hyphens manually where necessary, or don’t hyphenate at all.

Automatic hyphenation

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 82: Modifying a style]]To turn automatic hyphenation of words on or off:

1. Press F11 (z+T on Mac) to open the Styles and Formatting window.
2. On the Paragraph Styles page (Figure 82), right-click on Default and select Modify.
3. On the Paragraph Style dialog (Figure 83), go to the Text Flow page.
4. Under Hyphenation, select or deselect the Automatically option. Click OK to save.

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 83: Turning on automatic hyphenation]]

Note

Turning on hyphenation for the Default paragraph style affects all other paragraph styles that are based on Default. You can individually change other styles so that hyphenation is not active; for example, you might not want headings to be hyphenated. Any styles that are not based on Default are not affected. See Chapter 3, Styles and Templates, for more about styles based on other styles.

You can also set hyphenation choices through Tools > Options > Language Settings > Writing Aids. In Options, near the bottom of the dialog, scroll down to find the hyphenation settings.

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 84: Setting hyphenation options]]

To change the minimum number of characters for hyphenation, the minimum number of characters before a line break, or the minimum number of characters after a line break, select the item, and then click the Edit button in the Options section.

Hyphenation options set on the Writing Aids dialog are effective only if hyphenation is turned on through paragraph styles.

Manual hyphenation

To manually hyphenate words, do not use a normal hyphen, which will remain visible even if the word is no longer at the end of a line when you add or delete text or change margins or font size. Instead, use a conditional hyphen, which is visible only when required.

To insert a conditional hyphen inside a word, click where you want the hyphen to appear and press Ctrl+hyphen. The word will be hyphenated at this position when it is at the end of the line, even if automatic hyphenation for this paragraph is switched off.

頁面格式

Writer provides several ways for you to control page layouts: page styles, columns, frames, tables, and sections. For more information, see Chapter 4, Formatting Pages, in the Writer Guide.

Tip	Page layout is usually easier if you show text, object, table, and section boundaries in Tools > Options > LibreOffice > Appearance, and paragraph ends, tabs, breaks, and other items in Tools > Options > LibreOffice Writer > Formatting Aids.

Which layout method to choose?

The best layout method depends on what the final document should look like and what sort of information will be in the document. Here are some examples.

For a book similar to this user guide, with one column of text, some figures without text beside them, and some other figures with descriptive text, use page styles for basic layout, and tables to place figures beside descriptive text when necessary.	[[Image:]]
For an index or other document with two columns of text, where the text continues from the left-hand column to the right-hand column and then to the next page, all in sequence (also known as 「snaking columns」 of text), use page styles (with two columns). If the title of the document (on the first page) is full-page width, put it in a single-column section.	[[Image:]]
For a newsletter with complex layout, two or three columns on the page, and some articles that continue from one page to some place several pages later, use page styles for basic layout. Place articles in linked frames and anchor graphics to fixed positions on the page if necessary.	[[Image:]]
For a document with terms and translations to appear side-by-side in what appear to be columns, use a table to keep items lined up, and so you can type in both 「columns」.	[[Image:]]

Creating headers and footers

A header is an area that appears at the top of a page. A footer appears at the bottom of the page. Information such as page numbers inserted into a header or footer displays on every page of the document with that page style.

To insert a header, choose Insert > Header > Default (or the page style, if not Default).

Other information such as document titles and chapter titles is often put into the header or footer. These items are best added as fields. That way, if something changes, the headers and footers are updated automatically. Here is one common example.

To insert the document title into the header:

1. Choose File > Properties > Description and type a title for your document.
2. Add a header (Insert > Header > Default).
3. Place the cursor in the header part of the page.
4. Choose Insert > Fields > Title. The title should appear on a gray background (which does not show when printed and can be turned off).
5. To change the title for the whole document, go back to File > Properties > Description.

Fields are covered in detail in Chapter 14, Working with Fields, in the Writer Guide.

For more about headers and footers, see Chapter 4, Formatting Pages, and Chapter 6, Introduction to Styles, in the Writer Guide.

Numbering pages

To automatically number pages:

1. Insert a header or footer, as described in 「Creating headers and footers」 above.
2. Place the cursor in the header or footer where you want the page number to appear and choose Insert > Fields > Page Number.

Including the total number of pages

To include the total number of pages (as in 「page 1 of 12」):

1. Type the word 「page」 and a space, then insert the page number as above.
2. Press the spacebar once, type the word 「of」 and a space, then choose Insert > Fields > Page Count.

Note

The Page Count field inserts the total number of pages in the document, as shown on the Statistics tab of the document’s Properties window (File > Properties). If you restart page numbering anywhere in the document, then the total page count may not be what you want. See Chapter 4, Formatting Pages, in the Writer Guide for more information.

Restarting page numbering

Often you will want to restart the page numbering at 1, for example on the page following a title page or a table of contents. In addition, many documents have the 「front matter」 (such as the table of contents) numbered with Roman numerals and the main body of the document numbered in Arabic numerals, starting with 1.

You can restart page numbering in two ways.

Method 1:

1. Place the cursor in the first paragraph of the new page.
2. Choose Format > Paragraph.
3. On the Text Flow tab of the Paragraph dialog (Figure 83 on page 92), select Breaks.
4. Select Insert and then With Page Style and specify the page style to use.
5. Specify the page number to start from, and then click OK.

Tip	Method 1 is also useful for numbering the first page of a document with a page number greater than 1. For example, you may be writing a book, with each chapter in a separate file. Chapter 1 may start with page 1, but Chapter 2 could begin with page 25 and Chapter 3 with page 51.

Method 2:

1. Insert > Manual break.
2. By default, Page break is selected on the Insert Break dialog (Figure 85).
3. Choose the required page Style.
4. Select Change page number.
5. Specify the page number to start from, and then click OK.

[[Image:|thumb| Figure 85: Restarting page numbering after a manual page break]]

修改頁邊距

You can change page margins in two ways:

• 使用標尺—快捷簡單，但無法精確控制
• 使用頁面格式對話框—可以指定邊距到百分位
• Using the page rulers—quick and easy, but does not have fine control
• Using the Page Style dialog—can specify margins to two decimal places

Note	If you change the margins using the rulers, the new margins affect the page style and will be shown in the Page Style dialog the next time you open it. Because the page style is affected, the changed margins apply to all pages using that style.

To change margins using the rulers:

1. The gray sections of the rulers are the margins. Put the mouse cursor over the line between the gray and white sections. The pointer turns into a double-headed arrow.
2. Hold down the left mouse button and drag the mouse to move the margin.

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 86: Moving the margins]]

Tip

The small arrowheads on the ruler are used for indenting paragraphs. They are often in the same place as the page margins, so you need to be careful to move the margin marker, not the arrows. Place the mouse pointer between the arrows and, when the pointer turns into a double-headed arrow, you can move the margin (the indent arrows will move with it).

To change margins using the Page Style dialog:

1. Right-click anywhere on the page and select Page from the pop-up menu.
2. On the Page tab of the dialog, type the required distances in the Margins boxes.

給文檔添加批註

Authors and reviewers often use comments (formerly called 「notes」) to exchange ideas, ask for suggestions, or mark items needing attention.

To insert a comment in the text, place the cursor in the place the comment refers to and choose Insert > Comment or press Ctrl+Alt+C. The anchor point of the comment is connected by a dotted line to a box on the right-hand side of the page where you can type the text of the comment. Writer automatically adds at the bottom of the comment the author’s name and a time stamp indicating when the comment was created. Figure 87 shows an example of text with comments from two different authors.

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 87: Example of comments]]

Choose Tools > Options > User Data to configure the name you want to appear in the Author field of the comment, or to change it.

If more than one person edits the document, each author is automatically allocated a different background color.

Right-clicking on a comment pops up a menu where you can delete the current comment, all the comments from the same author, or all the comments in the document. From this menu, you can also apply some basic formatting to the text of the comment. You can also change the font type, size, and alignment from the main menu.

To navigate from one comment to another, open the Navigator (F5), expand the Comments section, and click on the comment text to move the cursor to the anchor point of the comment in the document. Right-click on the comment to quickly edit or delete it.

You can also navigate through the comments using the keyboard. Use Ctrl+Alt+Page Down to move to the next comment and Ctrl+Alt+Page Up to move to the previous comment.

創建目錄

Writer’s table of contents feature lets you build an automated table of contents from the headings in your document. Before you start, make sure that the headings are styled consistently. For example, you can use the Heading 1 style for chapter titles and the Heading 2 and Heading 3 styles for chapter subheadings.

Although tables of contents can be customized extensively in Writer, often the default settings are all you need. Creating a quick table of contents is simple:

1. When you create your document, use the following paragraph styles for different heading levels (such as chapter and section headings): Heading 1, Heading 2, Heading 3, and so on. These are what will appear in your table of contents.
2. Place the cursor where you want the table of contents to be inserted.
3. Choose Insert > Indexes and Tables > Indexes and Tables.
4. Change nothing in the Insert Index/Table dialog. Click OK.

If you add or delete text (so that headings move to different pages) or you add, delete, or change headings, you need to update the table of contents.

To do this:

1. Place the cursor within the table of contents.
2. Right-click and choose Update Index/Table from the pop-up menu.

Note	If you cannot place your cursor in the table of contents, choose Tools > Options > LibreOffice Writer > Formatting Aids, and then select Enable in the Cursor in protected areas section.

You can customize an existing table of contents at any time. Right-click anywhere in it and choose Edit Index/Table from the pop-up menu. Chapter 12, Creating Tables of Contents, Indexes and Bibliographies, of the Writer Guide describes in detail all the customizations you can choose.

創建索引和書目

Indexes and bibliographies work in a similar way to tables of contents. Chapter 12, Creating Tables of Contents, Indexes and Bibliographies, in the Writer Guide describes the process in detail.

In addition to alphabetical indexes, other types of indexes supplied with Writer include those for illustrations, tables, and objects, and you can even create a user-defined index. For example, you might want an index containing only the scientific names of species mentioned in the text, and a separate index containing only the common names of species. Before creating some types of indexes, you first need to create index entries embedded in your Writer document.

使用圖形

Graphics in Writer are of three basic types:

• Image files, including photos, drawings, scanned images, and others
• Diagrams created using LibreOffice’s drawing tools
• Charts created using LibreOffice’s Chart component

See Chapter 11, Graphics, the Gallery, and Fontwork, in this book and Chapter 8, Working with Graphics, in the Writer Guide.

列印

See Chapter 10, Printing, Exporting, and E‑mailing, in this book and Chapter 5, Printing, Exporting, Faxing, and E‑mailing, in the Writer Guide for details on previewing pages before printing, selecting print options, printing in black and white on a color printer, printing brochures, and other printing features.

郵件合併

Writer provides very useful features to create and print:

• Multiple copies of a document to send to a list of different recipients (form letters)
• Mailing labels
• Envelopes

All these facilities use a registered data source (a spreadsheet or database containing the name and address records and other information). Chapter 11, Using Mail Merge, in the Writer Guide describes the process.

跟蹤文檔變化

You can use several methods to keep track of changes made to a document.

1. Make your changes to a copy of the document (stored in a different folder, or under a different name, or both), then use Writer to combine the two files and show the differences. Choose Edit > Compare Document. This technique is particularly useful if you are the only person working on the document, as it avoids the increase in file size and complexity caused by the other methods.
2. Save versions that are stored as part of the original file. However, this method can cause problems with documents of non-trivial size or complexity, especially if you save a lot of versions. Avoid this method if you can.
3. Use Writer’s change marks (often called 「redlines」 or 「revision marks」) to show where you have added or deleted material, or changed formatting. Choose Edit > Changes > Record. Later, you or another person can review and accept or reject each change. Right-click on an individual change and choose Accept Change or Reject Change from the pop-up menu, or choose Edit > Changes > Accept or Reject to view the list of changes and accept or reject them. Details are in the Writer Guide.

Tip	Not all changes are recorded. For example, changing a tab stop from align left to align right, and changes in formulas (equations) or linked graphics are not recorded.

使用欄位

Fields are extremely useful features of Writer. They are used for data that changes in a document (such as the current date or the total number of pages) and for inserting document properties such as name, author, and date of last update. Fields are the basis of cross-referencing (see below); automatic numbering of figures, tables, headings, and other elements; and a wide range of other functions—far too many to describe here. See Chapter 14, Working with Fields, in the Writer Guide for details.

連結至文檔的另一部分

If you type in cross-references to other parts of a document, those references can easily get out of date if you reorganize the order of topics, add or remove material, or reword a heading. Writer provides two ways to ensure that your references are up to date, by inserting links to other parts of the same document or to a different document:

• Hyperlinks
• Cross-references

The two methods have the same result if you Ctrl+click the link when the document is open in Writer: you are taken directly to the cross-referenced item. However, they also have major differences:

• The text in a hyperlink does not automatically update if you change the text of the linked item (although you can change it manually), but changed text does automatically update in a cross-reference.
• When using a hyperlink, you do not have a choice of the content of the link (for example text or page number), but when using a cross-reference, you have several choices, including bookmarks.
• To hyperlink to an object such as a graphic, and have the hyperlink show useful text such as Figure 6, you need to give such an object a useful name (instead of a default name like Graphics6), or use the Hyperlink dialog to modify the visible text. In contrast, cross-references to figures with captions automatically show useful text, and you have a choice of several variations of the name.
• If you save a Writer document to HTML, hyperlinks remain active but cross-references do not. (Both remain active when the document is exported to PDF.)

使用超級連結

The easiest way to insert a hyperlink to another part of the same document is by using the Navigator:

1. Open the document containing the items you want to cross-reference.
2. Open the Navigator by clicking its icon, choosing View > Navigator, or pressing F5.
3. Click the arrow next to the Drag Mode icon, and choose Insert as Hyperlink.
4. In the list at the bottom of the Navigator, select the document containing the item that you want to cross-reference.
5. In the Navigator list, select the item that you want to insert as a hyperlink.
6. Drag the item to where you want to insert the hyperlink in the document. The name of the item is inserted in the document as an active hyperlink.

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 88: Inserting a hyperlink using the Navigator]]

You can also use the Hyperlink dialog to insert and modify hyperlinks within and between documents. See Chapter 12, Creating Web Pages.

使用交叉引用

If you type in references to other parts of the document, those references can easily get out of date if you reword a heading, add or remove figures, or reorganize topics. Replace any typed cross-references with automatic ones and, when you update fields, all the references will update automatically to show the current wording or page numbers. The Cross-references tab of the Fields dialog lists some items, such as headings, bookmarks, figures, tables, and numbered items such as steps in a procedure. You can also create your own reference items; see 「Setting References」 in Chapter 14, Working with Fields, in the Writer Guide for instructions.

To insert a cross-reference to a heading, figure, bookmark, or other item:

1. In your document, place the cursor where you want the cross-reference to appear.
2. If the Fields dialog is not open, click Insert > Cross-reference. On the Cross-references tab (Figure 89), in the Type list, select the type of item to be referenced (for example, Heading or Figure). You can leave this page open while you insert many cross-references.
3. Click on the required item in the Selection list, which shows all the items of the selected type. In the Insert reference to list, choose the format required. The list varies according to the Type. The most commonly used options are Reference (to insert the full text of a heading or caption), Category and Number (to insert a figure number preceded by the word Figure or Table, but without the caption text), Numbering (to insert only the figure or table number, without the word 「Figure」 or 「Table」), or Page (to insert the number of the page the referenced text is on). Click Insert.

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 89: The Cross-references tab of the Fields dialog ]]

使用書籤

Bookmarks are listed in the Navigator and can be accessed directly from there with a single mouse click. You can cross-reference to bookmarks and create hyperlinks to bookmarks, as described above.

1. Select the text you want to bookmark. Click Insert > Bookmark.
2. On the Insert Bookmark dialog, the larger box lists any previously defined bookmarks. Type a name for this bookmark in the top box, and then click OK.

[[Image:|thumb|Figure 90: Inserting a bookmark]]

使用主文檔

Master documents are typically used for producing long documents such as a book, a thesis, or a long report; or when different people are writing different chapters or other parts of the full document, so you don’t need to share files. A master document joins separate text documents into one larger document, and unifies the formatting, table of contents (TOC), bibliography, index, and other tables or lists.

Yes, master documents do work in Writer. However, until you become familiar with them, you may think that master documents are unreliable or difficult to use. See Chapter 13, Working with Master Documents, in the Writer Guide.

Creating fill-in forms

A standard text document displays information: a letter, report, or brochure, for example. Typically the reader may either edit everything or nothing in any way. A form has sections that are not to be edited, and other sections that are designed for the reader to make changes. For example, a questionnaire has an introduction and questions (which do not change) and spaces for the reader to enter answers.

Forms are used in three ways:

• To create a simple document for the recipient to complete, such as a questionnaire sent out to a group of people who fill it in and return it.
• To link into a database or data source and allow the user to enter information. Someone taking orders might enter the information for each order into a database using a form.
• To view information held in a database or data source. A librarian might call up information about books.

Writer offers several ways to fill information into a form, including check boxes, option buttons, text boxes, pull-down lists and spinners. See Chapter 15, Using Forms in Writer, in the Writer Guide.