生物化學與分子生物學/術語表

維基教科書 > 生物學 > 分子生物學 > 術語表

英文索引 中文名稱 簡明解釋
3' end/5' end 3'末端/5'末端
3' flanking region
3' untranslated region 3'非翻譯區
5' flanking region
5' untranslated region 5'非翻譯區
Ablation experiment
Acrylamide gels
Agarose gels
Amp resistance
Anneal
Antibiotic resistance 抗生素抗性/抗菌素耐性
Anti-sense strand 翻譯鏈 與mRNA互補的DNA鏈
AP-1 site
ATG or AUG
BAC (Bacterial Artificial Chromosome) 細菌人工染色體
Band shift assay 帶偏移實驗法
Bacteriophage lambda
Binding site 結合位點
Blotting 印跡
BP (base pair(s)) 鹼基對
Cap
Cap site
CAT assay
CCAAT box
cDNA clone
Chromosome walking
Clone (verb) 克隆(動詞)
Clone (noun) 克隆(名詞)
Coding sequence 編碼序列
Coding strand 編碼鏈
Codon 密碼子
Consensus sequence
Contig 重疊群
Cosmid 粘粒
DNase (Deoxyribonuclease) 脫氧核糖核酸酶
Dot blot
Downstream
E. coli 大腸桿菌
Electrophoresis
Endonuclease
Enhancer
ERE
Evolutionary Footprinting
Exon
Exonuclease
Expression
Expression clone
Footprinting
Gel electrophoresis
Gel shift assay
Gene 基因
Genome 基因組
Genomic blot
Genomic clone
Genotype
GRE
Helix-loop-helix
hnRNA
Host strain (bacterial)
Hybridization 雜交
Insert
Intergenic
Intron
KB
Kinase
Knock-out experiment
Lambda
Leucine zipper
Library
Ligase
Ligation
Linker
Marker
Molecular weight size marker
Genetic marker
Message
Microsatellite
mRNA 信使核糖核酸
M13
Nick translation
Non-coding strand
Northern blot
NT
Nuclear run-on
Nuclease
Nuclease protection assay
Oncogene
Open reading frame
Origin of replication
pBR322
PCR 聚合酶鏈式反應
Phagemid
Plasmid 質體
PolyA tail
Polymerase 聚合酶
Polymerase chain reaction 聚合酶鏈式反應
Post-transcriptional regulation 轉錄後調控
Post-translational processing 翻譯後加工
Post-translational regulation 翻譯後調控
PRE
Primary transcript
Primer 引物
Primer extension
Probe 探針
Processing
Promoter 啟動子
Proto-oncogene
Pulsed field gel electrophoresis
Random primed synthesis
Reading frame 閱讀框
Repetitive DNA
Response element
Restriction
Restriction enzyme 限制酶
Restriction fragment
Restriction fragment length polymorphism
Restriction map
Restriction site 限制切位
Reverse transcriptase 反轉錄
RFLP
Ribonuclease 核糖核酸酶
Riboprobe
Ribosome 核糖體
RNAi
RNase RNA酶
RNase protection assay
rRNA 核糖體RNA
RT-PCR 反轉錄聚合酶鏈反應
Run-off
Run-on
S1 end mapping
S1 nuclease
Screening 篩選
Sense strand 正義鏈
Sequence 序列
Shotgun cloning
Shotgun sequencing 鳥槍法測序
siRNA 小干擾RNA
Slot blot
snRNA
snRNP
SNP (Single nucleotide polymorphism) 單核苷酸多態性 指在基因組水平上由單個核苷酸的變異所引起的DNA序列多態性。
Solution hybridization
Southern blot
SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) 簡單重複序列
Stable transfection
Sticky ends
Stringency
Sub-cloning 亞克隆
Taq polymerase Taq 多聚酶
TATA box
Tet resistance
Tissue-specific expression
Tm
Transcription factor
Transcription 轉錄
Transfection 轉染 細胞被純病毒核酸感染,從而引起病毒在細胞中的繁殖
Transformation (with respect to bacteria)
Transformation (with respect to cultured cells)
Transgenic mouse 轉基因小鼠
Transient transfection 瞬時轉染
Translation 翻譯
Tumor suppressor 腫瘤抑制基因
tRNA 轉運RNA
Upstream activator sequence
Upstream/Downstream 上/下游
Vector 載體
Western blot 蛋白質印跡
YAC (Yeast artificial chromosome) 酵母人工染色體
Zinc finger 鋅指結構

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