Networked Media Tank/快速格式化硬盘、安装NMT
使用下面的命令时必须小心。如果你并不完全明白每个命令是什么意思的话，就不要尝试。
对于经验丰富的Linux用户，本节介绍一种方法在10分钟以内格式化硬盘、安装NMT，而不使用NMT默认的安装向导。对于在格式化1.5T硬盘时总是遇到问题的用户，此方法可能会很有帮助。
开始之前
编辑下载最新的固件和nmt应用软件。另外还要在NMT上安装Telnet，具体方法请参考Lundman所写的介绍telnet的文章[1]。
在Linux系统上
编辑你可以给硬盘分区，用mkfs生成两个文件系统，然后安装nmt应用软件和一些乱七八糟的东西(创建目录，设置权限等)。在NMT上格式化1.5T硬盘需要2个小时以上，而在我的笔记本上(用的OpenSuse系统)只需要几分钟时间。首先需要创建一个/tmp/newpart.txt文件(如果你的硬盘和我的尺寸不一样，第三个分区的扇区数量需要调整)，内容如下:
# partition table of /dev/sdc unit: sectors /dev/sdc1 : start= 63, size= 514017, Id=83 /dev/sdc2 : start= 514080, size= 1012095, Id=82 /dev/sdc3 : start= 1526175, size=2928745890, Id=83 /dev/sdc4 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0
然后使用以下Linux命令:
linux:/home/linux # sfdisk /dev/sdc < /tmp/newpart.txt
Checking that no-one is using this disk right now ...
OK
Disk /dev/sdc: 182401 cylinders, 255 heads, 63 sectors/track
Old situation:
Units = cylinders of 8225280 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0
Device Boot Start End #cyls #blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 0+ 182400 182401- 1465136001 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sdc2 0 - 0 0 0 Empty
/dev/sdc3 0 - 0 0 0 Empty
/dev/sdc4 0 - 0 0 0 Empty
New situation:
Units = sectors of 512 bytes, counting from 0
Device Boot Start End #sectors Id System
/dev/sdc1 63 514079 514017 83 Linux
/dev/sdc2 514080 1526174 1012095 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sdc3 1526175 2930272064 2928745890 83 Linux
/dev/sdc4 0 - 0 0 Empty
Warning: no primary partition is marked bootable (active)
This does not matter for LILO, but the DOS MBR will not boot this disk.
Successfully wrote the new partition table
Re-reading the partition table ...
If you created or changed a DOS partition, /dev/foo7, say, then use dd(1)
to zero the first 512 bytes: dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/foo7 bs=512 count=1
(See fdisk(8).)
linux:/home/linux # mkfs -t ext3 -j /dev/sdc1
mke2fs 1.41.1 (01-Sep-2008)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
64256 inodes, 257008 blocks
12850 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008
32 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2008 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 20 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
linux:/home/linux # mkfs -t ext3 -j -m 0 -T largefile4 /dev/sdc3
mke2fs 1.41.1 (01-Sep-2008)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
357536 inodes, 366093236 blocks
0 blocks (0.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=0
11173 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
32 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
102400000, 214990848
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 37 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
linux:/home/linux # mount /dev/sdc1 /mnt
linux:/home/linux # dd if=/tmp/syb8634.nmt bs=60 skip=1 | (cd /mnt && tar xfz -)
403805+1 records in
403805+1 records out
24228316 bytes (24 MB) copied, 4.57992 s, 5.3 MB/s
linux:/home/linux # umount /mnt
linux:/home/linux # mount /dev/sdc3 /mnt
linux:/home/linux # cd /mnt
linux:/mnt # mkdir Photo Video Music
linux:/mnt # chmod 777 Photo Video Music
linux:/mnt # cd /home/linux
linux:/home/linux # umount /mnt
linux:/home/linux # /sbin/mkswap /dev/sdc2
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 518188544 bytes
linux:/home/linux #
在NMT上
编辑现在将NMT与PC断开，然后重启。在节目源中会出现‘HARD_DISK_A1’和‘HARD_DISK_A3’，那是因为NMT识别到硬盘中没有安装有nmt 应用软件。如果下面命令执行起来有问题，只需要稍稍修改即可。打开Telnet并连接到NMT。
使用以下命令：
# mount rootfs on / type rootfs (rw) proc on /proc type proc (rw,nodiratime) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw) tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw) none on /sys type sysfs (rw) /dev/sda on /opt/sybhttpd/localhost.drives/USB_DRIVE_A type vfat (rw,nodiratime,uid=1001,gid=1001,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=cp437,iocharset=utf8) /dev/hda1 on /opt/sybhttpd/localhost.drives/HARD_DISK_A1 type ext3 (rw,data=ordered) /dev/hda3 on /opt/sybhttpd/localhost.drives/HARD_DISK_A3 type ext3 (rw,data=ordered) # umount /dev/hda1 # umount /dev/hda3 # cd /opt/sybhttpd/localhost.drives/ # rmdir HARD_DISK_A1 HARD_DISK_A3 # mkdir HARD_DISK # mount /dev/hda1 /mnt # mount /dev/hda3 /opt/sybhttpd/localhost.drives/HARD_DISK # cd HARD_DISK # chown nmt.nmt Music Photo Video # cd / # ln -s /opt/sybhttpd/localhost.drives/HARD_DISK /share # cd /etc # /etc/init_nmt start SHAREROOT=/opt/sybhttpd/localhost.drives/HARD_DISK Do chmod on /opt/sybhttpd/localhost.drives/HARD_DISK ... Got /share/Video... test: 2: unknown operand test: 2: unknown operand test: 2: unknown operand /etc Starting FTP Server...rm: cannot remove 'ms.pid': No such file or directory rm: cannot remove 'httpd.pid': No such file or directory Updating samba workgroup... Updating samba password...Starting samba/mnt/syb8634/server # /opt/sybhttpd/default/setups.cgi
此时在设置页面会出现‘内置服务器设置’这一项，可以进去打开任一项服务。
如果想要NMT识别到硬盘中已经安装了nmt应用软件，并且正确地在/mnt和/opt/sybhttpd/localhost.drives/HARD_DISK安装两个分区，下面几条命令会很有用。而仅仅用‘/etc/init_nmt start’来启动NMT往往不是很有效。
# cp /etc/hdinfo /mnt/.hdinfo # chown nmt.nmt /mnt/.hdinfo
现在在NMT上进入 ‘设置->固件更新->服务器最新软件升级’，就会出现‘典型设置’这一项，如果你还是不放心的话，可以重新安装一次nmt 应用软件。
最后，重启NMT。
# /sbin/reboot